Yesterday was a whirlwind day in the mortgage industry. I spent some time analyzing reports on the government takeover of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac.
I’m sure the first question many of you are asking is, “Who are Fannie and Freddie anyway?”Fannie Mae is the ‘nickname’ for the Federal National Mortgage Association and Freddie Mac is the Federal Home Mortgage Corporation. Both organizations were created after the Great Depression in an attempt to help bolster the housing industry at the time. Both were “government-sponsored” enterprises, but they were both privately owned and run.
These two entities are absolutely critical to the mortgage industry. Although they do not actually lend money, they buy mortgages from banks and institutions that originate loans and repackage them as bonds OR keep them on their own books. As of 2008, they own or guarantee about 50% of the entire 12 trillion dollar US mortgage market.
What does the government takeover mean on the MACRO-level? Our national debt ceiling will increate US$800 billion, to a total of US$10.7 Trillion in anticipation of the potential need for the Treasury to have the flexibility to support the federal home loan banks.
The bottom line is that US taxpayers are now on the hook to pay the billions of dollars of losses these two companies have incurred by purchasing bad mortgage loans from other banks.
And on the MICRO-level? This move has provided some much-needed reassurance to mortgage companies and investors that their investments will hold value. Already this morning, most lenders decreased their mortgage rates by approximately 3/8%, saving people applying for mortgages thousands of dollars over the life of their loans. Existing homeowners could benefit as well, as lower rates would permit troubled homeowners to refinance into less costly mortgages. Presumably, this may stimulate increased buying activity in the housing market and may help reverse the decline in home values.
I was talking to a loan officer yesterday morning, who told me that 30 year fixed rates have been hovering at 6.25% for quite some time. This morning they are at 5.75%. A half point drop in one day is BIG. On a $300k loan that translates into $125 less per month.
The downside is that many credit and lending guidelines will be tightened even more than we have seen this past year. Mortgage underwriters will be CRAZIER than ever.
Hopefully all of this will translate into solid lending guidelines that don’t change week to week or even day to day. The uncertainties in the mortgage approval process in the recent months has been a nightmare so it will nice to see a return to stability and “normalcy.”